READ: USAID Fact Sheet: Horn of Africa Drought, September 23 2011
KEY DEVELOPMENTS
. On September 23, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton announced approximately $42 million in new U.S. Government (USG) funding for humanitarian assistance to drought-affected populations in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia. With nearly $650 million in FY 2011 commitments to date, the U.S. is the largest bi-lateral donor to the Horn of Africa drought response.
. The population at Dadaab refugee complex in Kenya is quickly approaching a half million people, as approximately 1,100 Somali refugees continue to arrive each day, according to the Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
. Between July and August 2011, food assistance to Somalia nearly doubled, agricultural and food security activities increased nine-fold, cash and voucher programs quadrupled, and clean water services reached 13 times as many people, according to the U.N. Despite these achievements - backed by more than $1 billion in international pledges to date - the situation in Somalia continues to deteriorate, with famine declared in four regions, the Afgooye corridor internally displaced persons (IDPs) settlement, and the Mogadishu IDP community.
. The U.N. is calling for a massive, international, multi-sectoral response to prevent additional deaths and total collapse of livelihoods in Somalia. Marked improvements in humanitarian access are critical to ensure planned aid reaches the estimated 750,000 Somalis at risk of death by the end of 2011, according to the U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA).
+----------------------------+---------------------+-----------------------+
|NUMBERS AT A GLANCE | Source |
| | |
| | |
+----------------------------+---------------------+-----------------------+
|People Requiring |4.3 million[1] |OCHA - September 8, |
|Humanitarian Assistance in | |2011 |
|Kenya | | |
+----------------------------+---------------------+-----------------------+
|People Requiring |4.8 million[2] |OCHA - September 8, |
|Humanitarian Assistance in | |2011 |
|Ethiopia | | |
+----------------------------+---------------------+-----------------------+
|People Requiring |4.0 million |OCHA - September 8, |
|Humanitarian Assistance in | |2011 |
|Somalia | | |
| | | |
| | | |
+----------------------------+---------------------+-----------------------+
|People Requiring |165,642 |OCHA - September 8, |
|Humanitarian Assistance in | |2011 |
|Djibouti | | |
+----------------------------+---------------------+-----------------------+
|Number of Somali Refugees in|499,000 |State/PRM[3] - |
|Kenya |
+---------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|FY 2011 HUMANITARIAN FUNDING[4] |
+---------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|USAID/OFDA[5] Assistance to the Horn of|$105,252,182 |
|Africa | |
+---------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|USAID/FFP[6] Assistance to the Horn of |$435,193,274 |
|Africa | |
| | |
| | |
+---------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|State/PRM Assistance to the Horn of |$106,741,455 |
|Africa |
Context
. Following the below-average 2011 spring rains in the eastern Horn of Africa, food security among pastoralists and populations in marginal farming areas sharply deteriorated. In addition to below-normal harvests, shortages of grazing resources for livestock resulted in abnormal migrations, with pastoralists travelling long distances in search of pasture and water.
. In Somalia, the U.N. has declared that acute malnutrition indicators, crude mortality rates, and food access levels have surpassed famine thresholds in areas of Bay, Lower Shabelle, Bakool, and Middle Shabelle regions, and among IDPs in Mogadishu and the Afgooye corridor. Without improvement in humanitarian access, famine is expected to spread to areas of Gedo, Juba, and Hiran regions by December 2011, according to the USAID-funded Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET).
. On October 7, 2010, U.S. Chargé d'Affaires a.i. to Kenya Lee A. Brudvig renewed the disaster declaration for the complex emergency in Somalia for FY 2011. On October 25, 2010, U.S. Ambassador Donald E. Booth reissued a disaster declaration in response to the ongoing complex emergency in Ethiopia. On February 4, 2011, U.S. Chargé d'Affaires Tulinabo S. Mushingi declared a disaster due to the effects of the drought in Ethiopia. On January 28, 2011, U.S. Ambassador Michael E. Ranneberger declared a disaster due to the effects of the drought in Kenya.
. In response, the USG immediately increased assistance to affected areas of Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia. On July 6, 2011, USAID activated a regional Disaster Assistance Response Team (USAID/DART) in Nairobi, Kenya, and Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, to monitor regional drought conditions, identify humanitarian needs, and coordinate response activities with other donors. USAID also stood up a Response Management Team in Washington, D.C., to support the USAID/DART and coordinate USG humanitarian efforts.
Food Security and Livelihoods
. FEWS NET expects food security to improve from Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) [7] 4 - emergency level - to IPC phase 3 - crisis level - in pastoral areas of Kenya and Ethiopia between October and December 2011, due to forecasted near-normal to above-normal rains in most of the eastern Horn of Africa, ongoing relief interventions, and expected declines in staple food prices. Recovery in the short- and medium-term assumes a continuation of ongoing multi-sectoral programs, according to FEWS NET. With support from USAID, relief agencies in both countries are addressing the immediate humanitarian needs of drought-affected populations while promoting early recovery through various agriculture and livelihoods interventions.
. In contrast to the outlook for Kenya and Ethiopia, the prospects for southern Somalia remain dire. FEWS NET expects famine levels - IPC phase 5 - to persist through the end of 2011 due to low harvest yields, continued high food prices, and access constraints that severely impede humanitarian efforts. USAID continues to provide relief assistance in accessible areas of Somalia, while advocating for expanded humanitarian space.
Ethiopia
. Food prices continue to increase in Ethiopia, exacerbating vulnerability, particularly in Oromiya and Somali regions where the majority of the country's 4.6 million food-insecure people reside. In Somali Region, insecurity and access restrictions continue to impede humanitarian efforts, according to OCHA.
. To date in FY 2011, USAID/FFP, through WFP and the Joint Emergency Operations Program - an NGO consortium - is providing Ethiopia with more than 275,000 metric tons (MT) of Title II emergency food assistance, valued at more than $205 million. In addition, USAID/FFP provided Ethiopia with $8.6 million in FY 2011 funding for the local and regional procurement of emergency food assistance. Through in-kind and monetary support, USAID/FFP benefits more than 1.2 million vulnerable people in Ethiopia, including 140,000 refugees.
. In addition, USAID/OFDA has provided more than $3.8 million in FY 2011 funding for agriculture and livelihoods initiatives, helping improve the resiliency of approximately 308,000 drought-affected individuals in Ethiopia. USAID/OFDA activities include rehabilitating livestock water points and distributing agricultural inputs to small farmers.
. In Ethiopia, USAID integrates traditional humanitarian assistance activities within broader development platforms to address emergency needs while promoting early recovery. USAID/OFDA and USAID/Ethiopia collaboratively support the Pastoralist Livelihoods Initiative's (PLI) - an innovative program that is strengthening the resiliency of 90,000 people in the most drought-affected pastoral areas of Ethiopia. PLI activities include animal-health worker trainings and capacity building for improved rangeland management.
Kenya
. Approximately 3.75 million people in Kenya's pastoral and marginal cropping lowlands are food insecure, according to FEWS NET. Despite projections of improved conditions by the end of 2011, Kenyans - particularly the 1.4 million pastoralists currently experiencing emergency level conditions in northern districts - will, during the next two to four years, remain highly vulnerable to additional shocks, as the drought has severely compromised livelihoods assets, according to FEWS NET.
. To date in FY 2011, USAID/FFP has provided 118,820 MT in emergency food assistance - valued at nearly $128.2 million - to address the immediate protein-energy needs of 1.6 million drought-affected refugees and local populations in Kenya.
. USAID/OFDA has provided more than $12.3 million in FY 2011 funding to improve the food security and livelihoods of approximately 2 million drought-affected individuals in Kenya. Interventions include training and support for increased crop yields and vouchers to enable vulnerable communities to sell livestock for cash before body condition, and therefore market value, deteriorate significantly.
Somalia
. Poor rainfall has resulted in Somalia's worst annual crop production in 17 years, which, combined with heightened global fuel prices, has caused a dramatic increase of up to 300 percent in the prices of staple foods since 2010. Across Somalia, more than 4 million people face an acute food and livelihood crisis. Of the 3 million in crisis in southern Somalia, 2.6 million are facing emergency and famine conditions-IPC phases 4 and 5 - and urgently require life-saving assistance, according to FEWS NET. In search of humanitarian assistance and employment, an average total of approximately 1,400 Somalis continue to cross into Ethiopia and Kenya every day, joining the nearly 1 million Somalis currently living as refugees. In addition, more than 1.4 million Somalis are internally displaced, according to OCHA.
. Despite expected near-normal October to December rains, without marked improvements in humanitarian access in southern Somalia, conditions will likely deteriorate to famine levels in southern areas of Gedo, Juba, Hiran, Middle Shabelle, and Bakool, according to FEWS NET.
. To date in FY 2011, USAID/FFP has provided 31,420 MT in emergency food assistance - valued at more than $60.4 million - to individuals in accessible areas of Somalia. In addition to addressing immediate food needs through emergency distributions, where access permits, USAID also supports activities to help vulnerable populations improve and sustain access to food over the medium and long term. In FY 2011, USAID has provided approximately $25.5 million to Somalia for economic recovery and market systems programs, as well as emergency livestock and agriculture activities, helping improve the lives and livelihoods of more than 400,000 people in Somalia.
Health, Nutrition, and WASH
. Limited access to health services, low routine immunization coverage, and lack of safe drinking water and sanitation infrastructure, compounded by high levels of malnutrition, are encouraging the spread of endemic diseases among vulnerable, drought-affected populations in the Horn of Africa. The incidence of water- and vector-borne diseases is expected to increase further with the onset of rains in October. Integrated health, nutrition, and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) programs are critical given the synergistic effects of malnutrition and disease in contributing to excess mortality among vulnerable populations. USAID is supporting health, nutrition, and WASH programs to simultaneously address proximate and underlying causes of morbidity and mortality.
Ethiopia
. Monthly trends in therapeutic feeding program (TFP) admissions point to an improvement since June in the overall nutritional status of populations across drought-affected regions of Ethiopia. However, TFP admission rates remain high in certain zones, particularly in the Somali Region, where access restrictions and insecurity impede humanitarian efforts.
. While levels of acute malnutrition among Somali refugees at Dollo Ado refugee complex in Ethiopia greatly exceed the emergency threshold of 15 percent, relief agencies report evidence of improving conditions, including the decline in global acute malnutrition (GAM) from 66 to 47 percent between late July and mid-September at Hilaweyn camp, according to UNHCR.
. With support from USAID/OFDA, the U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) is currently assessing levels of pre-positioned drugs and supplies, initiating health worker trainings, and mobilizing health partners in areas of Somali, Oromiya, and Dire Dawa regions that are at high risk for outbreaks of acute watery diarrhea (AWD). Meanwhile, the Government of Ethiopia, with support from UNICEF, is conducting water and sanitation assessments in drought-affected regions of the country.
. USAID is addressing high levels of malnutrition among drought-affected populations in Ethiopia through multi-sectoral initiatives that include training and capacity building on community management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) - an approach that involves training community members on the timely detection and at-home treatment of severe acute malnutrition.
. To date in FY 2011, USAID/OFDA is providing more than $25 million for health, nutrition, and WASH programs in Ethiopia, benefiting nearly 1.1 million people.
Kenya
. Increased food prices and reduced pastoral incomes have severely constrained household access to available food supplies, resulting in GAM levels above 30 percent in some areas of northern and northeastern Kenya. The Nutrition Cluster - the humanitarian coordinating body for nutrition activities in Kenya - is reaching more than 50 percent of the estimated 300,000 - 350,000 acutely malnourished children and pregnant and lactating women, the majority of which are concentrated in Turkana, Mandera, and Wajir districts. Since January nutrition partners have treated nearly 35,700 children under the age of five years for severe acute malnutrition (SAM).
. To date, more than 20 NGOs have supported government efforts to provide 315 health facilities and 200 schools with safe drinking water and sanitation facilities. In addition, relief agencies continue to rehabilitate and construct water points, securing access to safe water for approximately 300,000 drought-affected people in Kenya as of September 20.
. With the approach of the October - December rains, health partners, in collaboration with the Government of Kenya Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation, have strengthened integrated disease surveillance and response mechanisms across all districts at risk for water- and vector-borne disease outbreaks, such as malaria, dengue fever, cholera, and dysentery. Health partners have prepositioned health supplies sufficient to assist 70,000 people in high risk areas, according to UNICEF.
. The number of cases of bloody diarrhea has recently increased at Dadaab refugee complex, prompting health partners to issue an outbreak alert for shigella. Meanwhile, relief agencies at Dadaab continue to report suspected cases of cholera, particularly among new arrivals. In addition, Dadaab camps continue to experience a high incidence of measles, with the majority of cases occurring among new arrivals and people older than 15 years of age. Health partners have responded by expanding ongoing measles vaccination campaigns to include 120,000 refugees between ages 15 and 30 years, according to UNICEF.
. USAID/OFDA FY 2011 funding for Kenya includes $10.6 million for nutrition and WASH activities, benefiting more than 1.3 million people.
Somalia
. The U.N. Nutrition Cluster - the humanitarian coordinating body for nutrition activities in Somalia - reports high and increasing levels of malnutrition among IDPs arriving in Banadir region from other areas of southern Somalia. Between July and August, SAM prevalence rose from 39.4 percent to 45.6 percent among IDPs in Mogadishu, and from 15.3 to 23 percent among IDPs in the Afgooye corridor, according to the U.N.
. To date since January, health facilities have reported more than 43,000 cases of AWD, approximately 7,500 cases of suspected measles, and 19,500 cases of malaria in famine-affected southern Somalia, with Banadir, Lower Shabelle, and Lower Juba regions bearing the greatest burden of disease.
. Health agencies recently concluded a measles vaccination campaign, targeting children younger than 15 years of age in the 16 districts of Mogadishu. According to the U.N., preliminary results from a post-campaign survey indicate that coverage ranged from 40 to 80 percent, depending on the district; additional mop-up campaigns are indicated. Relief agencies note the difficulties with setting appropriate immunization targets and reporting accurate coverage when population movements are fluid and baseline data is unavailable.
. Health agencies recently carried out emergency measles campaigns in two accessible districts of both Bakool and Gedo regions, targeting 110,000 children under the age of 15 years. Unless access improves in southern Somalia outside Mogadishu, vaccination campaigns will not reach an estimated 65 percent of the targeted 2.8 million children under 15, according to the U.N.
. Health Cluster partners are distributing more than 4,000 insecticide treated bed nets to 40 major hospitals across accessible areas of Somalia in anticipation of a spike in malaria cases coinciding with the onset of rains in October. In addition, during the week of September 15, health partners distributed additional medical supplies to Banadir region. The supplies include a diarrheal kit to treat up to 500 cases of AWD, two trauma kits, and an interagency emergency health kit to treat up to 30,000 people per month for a range of diseases, including pneumonia.
. With $31.5 million in FY 2011 funding for Somalia, USAID/OFDA is targeting more than 1 million people with integrated health, nutrition, and WASH interventions. In addition USAID/FFP is providing $5 million for ready to use therapeutic foods, benefiting 38,000 malnourished children under 5 years of age in Somalia. USAID continues to advocate for improved access in southern Somalia to ensure critical assistance reaches those in greatest need.
FY 2011 USAID AND STATE HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO THE HORN OF AFRICA
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
|Implementing Partner| Activity | Location | Amount |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
| FY 2011 Ethiopia |
| USAID/OFDA ASSISTANCE[1] |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
|Adventist |Agriculture and |Ethiopia |$34,504,789 |
|Development and |Food Security; | | |
|Relief Agency |Health; | | |
|(ADRA), CHF |Humanitarian | | |
|International, Food |Coordination and | | |
|for the Hungry (FH),|Information | | |
|GOAL, International |Management; | | |
|Medical Corps (IMC),|Logistics and | | |
|International Rescue|Relief | | |
|Committee (IRC), |Commodities; | | |
|Mercy Corps, Merlin,|Nutrition; | | |
|Save the |Protection; WASH | | |
|Children/U.S. | | | |
|(SC/US), U.N. | | | |
|Department of Safety| | | |
|and Security | | | |
|(UNDSS), U.N. Food | | | |
|and Agriculture | | | |
|Organization (FAO), | | | |
|OCHA, UNICEF, WFP | | | |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
|TOTAL USAID/OFDA ASSISTANCE TO ETHIOPIA IN FY 2011 |$34,504,789 |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
| USAID/FFP ASSISTANCE[2] |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
|Catholic Relief |97,100 MT of Title|Ethiopia | $64,294,900|
|Services (CRS)/Joint|II Relief Food | | |
|Emergency Operations|Assistance for | | |
| |Drought-Affected | | |
| |Areas | | |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
|WFP |149,980 MT of |Ethiopia | $116,814,900|
| |Title II Relief | | |
| |Food Assistance | | |
| |for | | |
| |Drought-Affected | | |
| |Areas | | |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
|WFP |Local and Regional|Ethiopia | 8,600,000|
| |Food Procurement | | |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
|WFP |28,040 MT of Title|Ethiopia | $23,905,500|
| |II Relief Food | | |
| |Assistance for | | |
| |Refugees | | |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
|TOTAL USAID/FFP ASSISTANCE TO ETHIOPIA IN FY 2011 | $213,615,300|
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
| STATE/PRM ASSISTANCE |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
|IMC, IRC, Jesuit |Refugee Protection|Ethiopia | $42,212,437|
|Refugee Service |and Assistance | | |
|(JRS), Norwegian | | | |
|Refugee Council | | | |
|(NRC), SC/US, UNHCR | | | |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
|TOTAL STATE/PRM ASSISTANCE TO ETHIOPIA IN FY 2011 | $42,212,437|
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
|TOTAL USAID AND STATE HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO ETHIOPIA | $290,332,526|
|IN FY 2011 | |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
| FY 2011 Kenya |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
| USAID/OFDA ASSISTANCE |
+--------------------+------------------+----------+---------+-------------+
|Agency for Technical|Agriculture and |Kenya | $26,616,310|
|Cooperation and |Food Security; | | |
|Development (ACTED),|Economic Recovery | | |
|CHF International, |and Market | | |
|Concern, FAO, FH, |Systems; | | |
|Horn Relief, |Humanitarian | | |
|International |Coordination and | | |
|Federation of Red |Info Management; | | |
|Cross and Red |Humanitarian | | |
|Crescent Societies |Studies, Analysis,| | |
|(IFRC), IMC, Mercy |or Applications; | | |
|Corps, Mercy USA, |Nutrition; Natural| | |
|Merlin, OCHA, Oxfam,|and Technological | | |
|Save the |Risks, WASH | | |
|Children/U.K. | | | |
|(SC/UK), SC/US, | | | |
|UNICEF, Wajir South | | | |
|Development | | | |
|Association (WASDA),
+--------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+
| FY 2011 Somalia |
+--------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+
| USAID/OFDA ASSISTANCE |
+--------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+
|Implementing |Agriculture and |Somalia | $44,131,083|
|Partners |Food Security, | | |
| |Economic Recovery | | |
| |and Market Systems,| | |
| |Health, | | |
| |Humanitarian | | |
| |Coordination and | | |
| |Information | | |
| |Management, | | |
| |Nutrition, | | |
| |Protection, WASH, | | |
| |Logistics and | | |
| |Relief Commodities | | |
+--------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+
|TOTAL USAID/OFDA ASSISTANCE TO SOMALIA IN FY 2011 | $44,131,083|
+--------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+
| USAID/FFP ASSISTANCE |
+--------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+
|WFP |31,420 MT of Title |Somalia | $60,428,174|
| |II and IDA-Funded | | |
| |Emergency Food | | |
|
+--------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+
| FY 2011 Djibouti |
| USAID/FFP ASSISTANCE |
+--------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+
|WFP |4,380 MT of Title |Djibouti | $4,769,600|
| |II Emergency Food | | |
| |Assistance | | |
+--------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+
|TOTAL USAID/FFP ASSISTANCE TO DJIBOUTI IN FY 2011 | $4,769,600|
+--------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+
| STATE/PRM ASSISTANCE |
+--------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+
|UNHCR |Refugee Protection |Djibouti | $1,400,000|
| |and Assistance | | |
+--------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+
|TOTAL STATE/PRM ASSISTANCE TO DJIBOUTI IN FY 2011 | $1,400,000|
+--------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+
|TOTAL USAID AND STATE HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO | $6,169,600|
|DJIBOUTI IN FY 2011
+---------------------+------------------+----------------+----------------+
| FY 2011 Regional |
+---------------------+------------------+----------------+----------------+
| STATE/PRM ASSISTANCE |
+---------------------+------------------+----------------+----------------+
|International |Support to |Regional | $10,000,000|
|Committee of the Red |Regional | | |
|Cross (ICRC) |Activities | | |
+---------------------+------------------+----------------+----------------+
|UNHCR |Support to |Regional | $2,000,000|
| |Regional | | |
| |Activities | | |
+---------------------+------------------+----------------+----------------+
|TOTAL STATE/PRM REGIONAL ASSISTANCE IN FY 2011 | $12,000,000|
+---------------------+------------------+----------------+----------------+
|TOTAL USAID AND STATE HUMANITARIAN REGIONAL ASSISTANCE | $12,000,000|
|IN FY 2011
+--------------------------------------------+-----------------------------+
| TOTAL USAID AND STATE HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE |
| TO THE HORN OF AFRICA IN FY 2011 |
+--------------------------------------------+-----------------------------+
|TOTAL USAID/OFDA FUNDING | $105,252,182|
+--------------------------------------------+-----------------------------+
|TOTAL USAID/FFP FUNDING | $435,193,274|
+--------------------------------------------+-----------------------------+
|TOTAL STATE/PRM FUNDING | $106,741,455|
+--------------------------------------------+-----------------------------+
|TOTAL USAID AND STATE HUMANITARIAN | $647,186,911|
|ASSISTANCE TO THE HORN OF AFRICA IN FY 2011 | |
+----------------
1/USAID/OFDA funding represents anticipated or actual obligated amounts as of September 23, 2011.
2/Estimated value of food assistance.
3/Funding also includes transportation costs for 65,000 MT of food commodities and associated costs.
4/Includes approximately $24.5 million in IDA-funded emergency food assistance.
PUBLIC DONATION INFORMATION
· The most effective way people can assist relief efforts is by making cash contributions to humanitarian organizations that are conducting relief operations. A list of humanitarian organizations that are accepting cash donations for response efforts in the Horn of Africa can be found at www.interaction.org ( http://www.interaction.org ).
· USAID encourages cash donations because they allow aid professionals to procure the exact items needed (often in the affected region); reduce the burden on scarce resources (such as transportation routes, staff time, and warehouse space); can be transferred very quickly and without transportation costs; support the economy of the disaster-stricken region; and ensure culturally, dietary, and environmentally appropriate assistance.
· More information can be found at: The Center for International Disaster Information: www.cidi.org ( http://www.cidi.org ) or (202) 821-1999.
Information on relief activities of the humanitarian community can be found at www.reliefweb.int ( http://www.reliefweb.int )
USAID/OFDA bulletins appear on the USAID web site at http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/humanitarian_assistance/disaster_assistance/
(Published by the Bureau of International Information Programs, U.S. Department of State)